Improvement in railroad car-heaters



2 Sheets-'Sheet 1.

E. BRADLEY &1. G. FULGHUM.

Railroad-Car Heater.

N0. 128,103, Y* Patented'lune'l8,1872.

Fig. 4.

llllllliumu i x 92. 6mm., 7 MW. WZ??? f, LA

WITNESSFS.r

2 Sheets--Sheet 2.

E. BRADLEY-8L J.-G. FULGHUM.y

-Ra'ilroad-Car Heater.

N0. 128,103. f i Patentedlune18,l872.{

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EBENEZER BRADLEY AND JOHN Gr. FULGHUM, OF NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE,ASSIGNORS OF ONE-THIRD OF THEIR RIGHT TO MERRILL Gr. PHILLIPS,

OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN RAILROAD CAR-HEATERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 123,103, dated June 18,1872.

Specification describing an Improved Heater for Cars, &c., invented byEBENEZER BRAD-v LEY and J oHN G. FULGHUM, both of Nash` ville, in thecounty of Davidson', State of Tennessee. v

This invention relates to improvements in means for heating cars andother vehicles.

The furnace or stove is arranged beneath the door, and surrounded at topand sides by an air-chamber within double walls, and securely closed bya double trap-door with lockjoint. The grate is securely locked inplace, or it may be arranged to dump. The iire and air chambersv aresupplied with external air through openings furnished withself-reversing hoods or valves, and the heated air is discharged intothe car through an annular register. The furnace has two smoke-dischargearms, leading, in the -case of street-cars, to drums in the twoplatforms, for heating the driver. These drums are each furnished with adischarge-pipe with damper, so that the current may be confined to thefront platform.

The fuel is conducted through the air-space by a funnel, perforated, soas not to impedethe circulation. The smoke is deflected from thefeed-door by an internal flange or guide. The horizontal pipes areextended, and furnished with removable caps to facilitate cleaning them.

We thus produce a cheap, safe, and economical external heater,applicable without modiflcation of cars, and serving to supply theinterior with heated fresh air, and to warm the drivers platform bymeans ofthe waste heat.77

The drawing represents the apparatus applied to a street-car.

Figure lis a vertical longitudinal section of the furnace and fragmentsof the car-floor and smoke-fines. Fig. 2 is a plan ofthe same. Fig.

3 is a vertical longitudinal section of one of the drums, withcontiguous portions of the carplatform and smoke-dues. Fig. 4 is a planof one of the platform-drums detached and with cap removed. Fig. 5 isavertical longitudinal section f both parts of a drum detached andseparated. Fig. 6 is a vertical section of the furnace and contiguousparts in a plane at right angles to that of Fig. l, the fire-pot and itsfunnel being shown in elevation. Fig. 7 is a plan of the furnacedetached from the car and with top removed. Fig.8 is an under-side viewof the furnace-door.

The lines a a b b, Fig. 2, indicate the planes of Figs. l and 6 5 c c,Fig. 4, the plane of Figs. 3 and 5.

Our improved heater, in its preferred complete form, is composed of afurnace or stove, A, Figs. l, 2, 6, and 7, placed centrally in the licorof a car; and projecting beneath the same two drums, B, Figs. 3, 4, and5, arranged in the platforms, flush with the floors of the same; andpipes O leading to said drums, and pipes D leading from the same throughthe roof of the car. The furnace A is composed of a cast fire-pot, z,with grate y and oscillating air-valve or hood m at its lower end; adoor-plate, fw, containing an annular register, o, and a centralfuel-opening, l; a bottom plate, a, with airapertures 2, furnished withvalves or hoods t; two eccentric cylinders, s r, which may -be of sheetmetal, and form the sides; a funnel, q, surrounding the mouth 3 of thelire-pot, which funnel may also be of sheet metal; bolts p,

uniting all these parts; and a double door or lid, o, closing thefuel-opening l in the floorplate w and the mouth 3 of the lire-pot z.The re-pot z is cast in two horizontal sections,

constituting a flaring base and a reverberating dome, and with externalperforated lugs 4, by

which to unite these. This is accomplished, in part, by two of the boltsp passing through the side lugs. The other lugs receive short bolts a.The fire-pot is also cast with an internal notched flange, 5, at itslower end, to support the grate y and to receive the lockinghooks 6 ofthe same; and with lugs 7, to hinge its air-valve or hood and with anexternal flange, 8, to rest on the bottom plate u; and with two hollow4arms, 9, to constitute smokedischarges; and with an internal ilange orsmoke-guide, l0, above these and projecting downward, to deiiect thesmoke from the mouth or feed-door; and with an internal notchediiange,11, at its mouth, to form the seat of the lower disk 12 of thedoor or lid o, and to receive the locking-hooks 13 thereof.

The air-valves or hoods a: t reverse automatically under the action ofthe wind or draught pn their elevated ends, and serve to force fresh airinto the lire-pot z and the air-chamber m around the same, respectively.The former also serves to catch and retain the ashes, the greater weightof which on its horizontal wing facilitates reversing.

The door-plate w is perforated and countersunk, to receive the bolts p;and furnished with a horizontal flange, 14, in its feed-opening 1, toreceive the upper disk 15 of the lid 0, so that its top shall be iiush;and with annular lian ges 16 17 on its under side, to support the wallss r and funnel q; and with the described annular register t. Thisregister is for the discharge of th'e heated air into the car, and isformed by casting the said plate with an annular depression in its underside, with perforations and inwardly-proj ectin g lugs, and introducinginto this depression a properly-fitted ring, correspondingly perforatedand notched, and turning this so as to bring' saidlugs and notches outof line, and then applying the knob 18. The annular bottom plate u has,in addition to its air-openin gs 2, perforations for the nut ends of thebolts p, and a circular llange, 19, on its upper side, correspondingwith 16 on the nnder side of the floor-plate w, to support the walls sr. Between the .said walls is a dead air space, Z, having vent throughperforations at the top of the inner wall r into the air-chainber m.Said walls are also perforated to accommodate the smokedischarge arms 9,which project through the same. The funnelq serves to prevent fuelfalling into the air-space m, and is perforated at its upper edge, so asnot to impede the circulation of air. The disks 12 and ""15 of the dooro are united by a perforated cylinder, 20, which may be of sheet meta-l,and an angular bolt, 21, furnished at top with a handle by which to liftthe lid, and to turn the same in locking and unlocking it. The drums Bmay also be cast, being made in two sections, as represented, andfurnished with ton gue-andgroove joint to prevent leakage. They arepreferably made square, but may be round in outline, as indicated bydotted lines in Fig. 4. For circulating the heated products ofcombustion, they are constructed With two sn1okecollars, 22 23,diametrically opposite, and with alternating partitions 24, which mayproject either from the caps, as represented in Figs. 3 and 5, or fromthe base. They will present marginal iianges 25, and be supported bythem, with or Without fastening, flush with the iloor. The driver willstand on these, and to give foot-hold the caps may be roughened. Thepipes C are extended horizontally, and made with branches leading to thecollars 22 of the drums B, and with caps k to theirv outer ends, byremoving which the accumulated soot may be forced by a swabV or scraperinto the lirepot whenever required. The pipes D extend above the roof,where they may be furnished with cowls. They may project from the edgesinstead of the tops of the'drums, and be carried up in any suitable way.At convenient height they contain dampers t', by which the draught, andconsequently the heat, may be iesdoa confined to the front or driversplatform. Vhere the car has but 011e platform the rear smoke-dischargearm 9 may be closed by a cap, h, Fig. l. The furnace may be securelyattached to the floor by bolts or screws g, Fig. 2, or their equivalent,so as not to be displaced by the overturning of the car.

With this precaution, the furnace being entirely external, and both doorand grate locked, as described, the ea-rwould be as nearly as possibleabsolutely insured against fire from the stove.

The grate of the furnace or stove may be either stationary, asrepresented, or dumping. The dumping of the grate may be effected bymeans of a connection from above through the air-chamber.

In operation, fresh air, heated in the chambers m Z, is discharged intothe car through the register t, while the driver is warmed by the wasteheat and escaping smoke passing through the drums B beneath his feet.

During the summer season the openings and registers in the iioor of thecar form efficient ventilators, the stove being removed or not, aspreferred.

Vhat we claim as new herein is- 1. The furnace A, having the doublewalls s r, with dead-air space Z, freshair inlets 2, ai rchainber m.,and annular register c, surrounding the feed-door o, substantially asshown and described, for the purposes set forth.

2. The furnace A, composed of the cast scctional lire-pot z, floor-platew, bottom plate u, cylinders s r, funnel q, bolts p, and door or lid o,constructed and combined substantially as shown and described.

3. The grate y, constructed with lockinghooks 6, as shown and described.

4. The automatic double air-valve or hood m, .i

applied to the lower end of the lire-pot, and serving to collect theashes and .to insure a draught, substantially as shown and set forth.

5. The funnel q, as and for the purpose speciiied.

6. The door or lid o, composed of the disks 12 15, with locking-hooks13, perforated cylinder 20, and handle-bolt 21, substantially as shownand described.

7. The register v, composed of an annular notched and perforated slide,a corresponding series of perforations in the floor-plate w, a-n annulardepression in the under side of the same, lugs formed thereon, and aknob, 18, all as herein shown and described, for the purpose specified.

8. The smoke-drums B, arranged as supplemental heaters in the driversplatform or platforms of a Streetcar, in combination with the centralfurnace A and pipes C D, substantially as herein set forth, for theobject stated.

EBENEZER BRADLEY. JOHN G. FUI. rllUML Attest:

JAMns A. BOLT, WM. M. D. BUTLER.

